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Animal behavior is a critical diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine. Because animals cannot communicate verbally, changes in their typical behavior often serve as the first—and sometimes only—indicator of underlying health problems. ScienceDirect.com Clinical Significance:

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For decades, the fields of animal behavior and veterinary science existed in relative isolation. Veterinarians focused on physiology, pathology, and pharmacology—the tangible mechanics of the animal body. Ethologists and behaviorists, on the other hand, focused on observable actions, social structures, and environmental stimuli. However, the modern era of animal care has witnessed a paradigm shift. Today, the most successful clinical outcomes depend not just on accurate diagnosis and powerful drugs, but on a deep, symbiotic understanding of .